You are signed in. Close

You are signed out. Close

Thank you. Your subscription has started. Close

Thank you. You will get an email when a new comic comes out. Close

We could not confirm your payment. If you paid, use the link "Sign in" at the bottom of the page. Close

Something went wrong on our side. Please try again in a moment. Close

Previous episode Development boards: how a new device is tried before it exists

How embedded systems work: the hidden computers in everyday things, and how engineers build them

Cross-compiling and flashing: how firmware gets from a laptop into a chip

The chip inside a device has no keyboard, no screen and no room for the tools that write programs. So its program is written on an ordinary laptop, and the laptop cannot even run what it makes. How does firmware get from one to the other?

  1. 1 You write the firmware on Rono's laptop, in words a person can read: if the number is on the list, open the latch.if the number ison the list:open the latchyou

    You write the firmware on Rono's laptop, in words a person can read: if the number is on the list, open the latch.

  2. 2 The chip cannot read those words, and it has no keyboard and no screen to type them on. Somehow, the program has to reach it.you?

    The chip cannot read those words, and it has no keyboard and no screen to type them on. Somehow, the program has to reach it.

The rest of this episode is for subscribers

Subscribe to read every premium episode. You can cancel when you want.

Paid yearly: $99 instead of $119.88

Next episode RTOS: how one small chip does two jobs and still keeps its deadline

Share this comic

More comics