You are signed in. Close

You are signed out. Close

Thank you. Your subscription has started. Close

Thank you. You will get an email when a new comic comes out. Close

We could not confirm your payment. If you paid, use the link "Sign in" at the bottom of the page. Close

Something went wrong on our side. Please try again in a moment. Close

Previous episode Bitcoin mining: what miners really do, and why it takes so many guesses

How Bitcoin works: the blockchain explained

Bitcoin confirmations: why a payment is safer after a few more blocks

Two Bitcoin miners can win the same race at the same moment, and the ledger splits in two. Which payments survive, and how long should a seller wait before trusting one?

  1. 1 Two miners win at once. One block holds your payment to Rono. The other holds your payment to Miva. Both blocks point to the same block before them, so the chain now has two ends.blockblockyou to Rono: 0.01blockyou to Miva: 0.01

    Two miners win at once. One block holds your payment to Rono. The other holds your payment to Miva. Both blocks point to the same block before them, so the chain now has two ends.

  2. 2 Each node keeps the block it heard first, and the miners near it start guessing on top of it. For a few minutes, the nodes hold two versions of the ledger. This split is called a fork.blockblockyou to Rono: 0.01blockyou to Miva: 0.01Miva's nodefork

    Each node keeps the block it heard first, and the miners near it start guessing on top of it. For a few minutes, the nodes hold two versions of the ledger. This split is called a fork.

The rest of this episode is for subscribers

Subscribe to read every premium episode. You can cancel when you want.

Paid yearly: $99 instead of $119.88

Next episode The 51% attack: could someone rewrite Bitcoin's history?

Share this comic

More comics